Exosomes: An Active Ingredient For Hair Growth?

The newest advancement in hair and scalp care is exosomes as an active ingredient. They are made up of signaling nanoparticles that aid in accelerating the anagen stage of hair growth (the growing phase). Exosomes aid to improve the condition of the scalp, slowing down future hair loss and encouraging hair regrowth when administered to the scalp. Exosomes have been discovered to be quite helpful for maintaining the general health of the scalp and hair.

Dermal papilla health is improved and inflammation is reduced by stem cell-derived exosome products. In addition to preventing further hair loss and boosting the overall quality and strength of the hair, this helps to encourage hair growth and preserve the hair root.

Exosome-based cosmetics for scalp care and hair loss have the following advantages:-

• Promoting the regrowth and stimulation of hair follicles naturally.
• Multiple growth factors are used to revitalize the scalp and mend damaged tissue.
• Promoting the hair follicles to reach the anagen phase earlier, resuming the synthesis of new hair strands, to stimulate the hair growth cycle.
• Extending the anagen phase by sending signals instructing the hair follicles to continue producing hair.
• Postponing the onset of the catagen phase to limit further hair loss (the phase of no hair growth)

It has been empirically demonstrated that exosome and growth factor injections can help rejuvenate and regrow hair as a treatment for hair loss in both men and women who are in the early stages of hair loss.

Factors Responsible for Hair Growth

Exosomes are technically the components of stem cells. Rather, they serve as the foundation for that. If the multivesicular body merges with the cell membrane, exosomes are produced within the cells from which they originated. These tiny cellular byproducts include RNA as well as, more importantly, mRNA, which is the precursor of protein synthesis.

The functions of these protein-building pieces depend on the cell from which they came. Many signaling molecules promote cellular growth and physiological processes like coagulation by acting as signaling molecules. Studies now indicate that the origin of the exosome is the cause of these signaling and growth factors. However, almost all have a number of advantageous growth factors:

• TGFß3
• MIP-1
• VEGF
• FGF
• SCF

Exosomes are being studied for a variety of applications, including anti-ageing. Exosomes produced by follicular stem cells are thought to promote hair growth and stop hair loss.

Exosomes do indeed lengthen the cycle of hair growth. Hair follicles that are locked in the telogen phase (a period of rest) change into the anagen phase (a period of growth) and extend this cycle. This is a crucial advantage because hair follicles age as do all other bodily parts. However, follicular cells mature with each cycle of growth, unlike many other cells.

Follicular cells start to change as they enter and exit each phase, which often takes decades. Hair strands start to contract and become more fragile, which is known as miniaturization. Following each telogen phase, hair strands then continue to contract without therapy until growth stops altogether. Numerous treatments and hair care products support longer hair development. But few are as powerful as exosomes. Prolonged hair growth cycles are maintained as thicker, healthier hair strands arise.

Combining exosome-based products with other hair growth products such as minoxidil can increase the probability of hair growth. 

Exosome therapy may encourage hair growth by delivering the signals required to reintroduce or initiate mesenchymal-epithelial crosstalk, resulting in the restoration of miniaturized hair follicles or follicular neogenesis, respectively. Exosomes are an integral part of paracrine signaling and relay communication through the cell-to-cell transfer of proteins, messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA), and micro ribonucleic acid (miRNA).

Exosome therapy appears to be effective and safe in humans in a clinical trial environment, as evidenced by the noticeable hair growth at an earlier-than-anticipated timeframe and the absence of adverse events. However, more research is needed to confirm these findings. Clinical trials are also required to ascertain the most effective manufacturing and application methods for exosome therapy, as well as if the therapeutic potential of exosomes from various tissue sources varies.